Australian Capital Territory single-use plastics bans
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) banned plastic cutlery, stirrers and polystyrene foam food containers from 1 July 2021, adding straws, cotton buds and oxo-degradable…
Foam and protective packaging
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EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (2025/40)
Binding EU rules requiring all packaging to be recyclable by 2030, with bans on single-use plastic packaging for fresh fruit and vegetables, for eating…
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Victoria single-use plastics bans
Victoria banned straws, cutlery, plates, stirrers, cotton buds and polystyrene foam food containers from 1 February 2023 and ended the exemption for items integrated…
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Queensland single-use plastics bans
Queensland banned straws, cutlery, plates, stirrers and polystyrene foam food ware from 1 September 2021, adding cotton buds, microbeads, heavyweight bags and balloon releases…
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India ban on 19 single-use plastic items
India’s Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules banned 19 single-use plastic items from 1 July 2022, with enforcement widely reported as weak.
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China phased single-use plastics restrictions
China’s 2020 plan bans non-degradable bags in major cities, single-use straws in food service and polystyrene foam tableware, with national standards now referencing design…
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Bamboo (solid and uncoated pulp)
Fast-growing grass used solid for cutlery, straws and toothbrush handles or as pulp for cushioning; avoid rigid bamboo-melamine composites, which are plastic.
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Cork
Bark of the cork oak, harvested without felling; replaces plastic stoppers, EVA foam and underlay, with a vendor life-cycle assessment (LCA) showing a negative…
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Mycelium (mushroom) foam
Agricultural waste bound together by fungal mycelium and grown in moulds; a home-compostable replacement for polystyrene (EPS) and polyethylene (EPE) foam packaging inserts.
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Moulded and dry-moulded fibre
Paper pulp pressed into 3D shapes, wet or with PulPac’s water-free dry process; replaces thermoformed trays, clamshells, cups, caps, blister packs and, in trials,…